Grade policies

What Is a Passing Grade? How Thresholds Differ by School

Learn the most common passing-grade thresholds for K-12 and college courses, why they differ by school, and how pass/fail grading changes the rules.

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A 60% (a D or higher) is the most common passing threshold in US K-12 schools, while many colleges set the passing threshold at 70% (a C or higher) for courses that count toward a major or prerequisite chain. Pass/fail courses set their own separate cutoff, which is not always the same as the standard letter-grade scale.

Common passing thresholds

ContextTypical passing thresholdNotes
General K-12 course60% (D−)Varies by district and state
College general elective60–70% (D or C)Check the specific syllabus
College major/prerequisite course70% (C) or higherOften required to advance
Pass/fail courseSet by instructorNo plus/minus distinction

Why the threshold isn't universal

Individual schools, districts, and departments set their own passing standards. A nursing or engineering program may require a C or higher in core courses even if the school's general passing grade is a D. Always confirm the specific policy for the course and program, not just the general school-wide default.

Pass/fail and credit/no-credit grading

Courses graded pass/fail or credit/no-credit use a single cutoff percentage instead of a full A–F scale, and that cutoff is not always 60%. Some pass/fail courses require 70% or a C-equivalent performance to earn a passing mark, even though no letter grade appears on the transcript.

How many questions can you miss and still pass?

Multiply the total questions by the required passing percentage and round the required correct answers up to the next whole question. On a 25-question test with a 60% passing score, a student needs 15 correct and can miss 10.

ABOUT THIS GUIDE

Grade Calculator Editorial Team

We create plain-language grading tools and educational guides, check every worked example against the underlying formula, and note where school or instructor policies can change the result.